2303002 Informal Interpretation

us-ftc-hsr-informal-interpretations-4a4936d8f4bb21eeb1e264912480430e2303002 Informal InterpretationGuidance

Date
Rule
801.1
Staff
Nora Whitehead
Response/Comments

Confirmed.

Question

From: Whitehead, Nora <nwhitehead@ftc.gov>
Sent: Monday, March 20, 2023 1:34:59 PM (UTC-05:00) Eastern Time (US & Canada)
To: [Redacted]
Cc: HSRHelp <HSRHelp@ftc.gov>
Subject: RE: Question about 16 CFR 801.1(b)(1)(ii)

Confirmed.

From: [Redacted]
Sent: Sunday, March 19, 2023 7:00:03 PM (UTC-05:00) Eastern Time (US & Canada)
To: HSRHelp <HSRHelp@ftc.gov>
Subject: Question about 16 CFR 801.1(b)(1)(ii)

Good morning

I hope you are all well.

I’m very sorry to trouble you with a question about control of an LLC for UPE purposes.

We have an LLC with an investor agreement that allows one of the investors the right to appoint the majority of the board. That investor does not have the right to 50% of the dividends or 50% of the assets on dissolution. If that is the correct analysis, the LLC is its own UPE and does not meet the size-of-person test.

801.1(b)(2) does with contractual arrangements to appoint a majority of the board but it does not apply here because the entity is an LLC and not a corporation. However, we are concerned because there is still de facto control, although not as defined by the rules. If the LLC were controlled in an HSR sense, the investor would be the UPE and the UPE would exceed the size-of person test.

Our client is concerned about the appearance of literal form over substance. Can you please confirm that the current enforcement policy is to apply 16 CFR 801.1(b)(1)(ii) strictly, so that a contractual power to designation a majority of LLC directors is irrelevant to the control analysis? Thank you.

Sheinberg, Samuel I.
From: 	HSR Help
Sent: 	Monday, March 20, 2023 1:35 PM
To: 	Wals h, Kathryn E. ; Berg, Kare n E. ; Mus ick, Vessel ina; Shaffer, Kristin; She inberg, Samuel I.; Six, Anne;
Fetterman, Miche ll e
Subject: 	FW: Question about 16 CFR 801.1(b)(1)( ii )
From: Whitehead, Nora <nwhitehead@ftc.go v>
Sent: Monda , Ma r ch 20 , 2023 1:34:59 PM UTC-05:00
To:
Cc: 	e p < 	e p 	c.gov>
From:
Sent: 	un ay, 	arc 	, 	.
Subject: RE: Questi on about 16 CFR 801.l( b)( l )( ii)
Confirmed.
From: HSRHelp <HSRHe lp@ftc.go v>
Sent: Sunday, March 19, 2023 7:00 PM
To: Walsh, Kathryn E. <kwalsh@ftc.gov>; Berg, Karen E. <KB ERG @ftc.gov>; Musi ck, Vesse li na <vmusick@ftc.gov>;
Shaffer, Kristin <kshaffer@ftc.gov>; She inberg, Samuel I. <S SHE INBERG@ftc.gov>; Si x, Anne <as ix@ftc.gov>; Whitehead,
Nora <nw hitehead@ftc.gov>; Fetterman, Michelle <mfetterman@ftc.gov>
Subject: FW: Question about 16 CFR 801.l (b )( l )( ii)
) Easte rn Time (US & Canada)
To: HSRHe lp < HSRHel p@ftc.gov>
Subject: Question ab out 16 CFR 80 1.l (b)(l)(i i)
Good morning
I hope you are all we l l.
I'm very sorry to troub le you w ith a quest ion a b out contr ol of an LLC for UPE purposes.
We have an LLC with an investor agreeme nt that a llows one of t he investors the right to a pp oint the majori t y of
the boa r d. That investor does not have the r ight to 50% of the dividends or 50% of t he assets on d iss olution. If
that is the co rr ect analysis, t he LLC is it s own UPE and does not meet the size- of-pe rson test.
801. 1(6 )( 2) does with contractua l a rr angements to a p poi nt a majority of t he boa rd but it does not a pp ly here
b ecause t he entit y is an LLC and not a co rp oration. However, we are concerned because there is st ill de facto
cont rol, a lthough n ot as defi n ed by the rules. If the LLC were cont rolled in an HSR se nse, the invest or would be
the UPE and the UPE would exceed the size- of p erson te st.
Our client is concerned about the appearance of literal form over substance. Can you please confirm that the
current enforcement policy is to apply 16 CFR 801.1 {b){ l ){ii) strictly, so that a contractual power to
designation a majority of LLC directors is irrelevant to the control analysis? Thank you.
Best w ishes
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