State v. Willie Jordan, IV

COURT OF APPEALS
DECISION NOTICE
DATED AND FILED This opinion is subject to further editing. If
published, the official version will appear in
the bound volume of the Official Reports.
December 29, 2020
A party may file with the Supreme Court a
Sheila T. Reiff petition to review an adverse decision by the
Clerk of Court of Appeals Court of Appeals. See WIS. STAT. § 808.10
and RULE 809.62.

Appeal No. 2019AP2115-CR Cir. Ct. No. 2016CF850

STATE OF WISCONSIN IN COURT OF APPEALS
DISTRICT I

STATE OF WISCONSIN,

PLAINTIFF-RESPONDENT,

V.

WILLIE JORDAN, IV,

DEFENDANT-APPELLANT.

APPEAL from a judgment and an order of the circuit court for
Milwaukee County: THOMAS J. McADAMS and GLENN H. YAMAHIRO,
Judges. Affirmed.

Before Dugan, Graham and Donald, JJ.

Per curiam opinions may not be cited in any court of this state as precedent

or authority, except for the limited purposes specified in WIS. STAT. RULE 809.23(3).
No. 2019AP2115-CR

¶1 PER CURIAM. Willie Jordan, IV, appeals the judgment of
conviction, following a jury trial, of one count each of attempted first-degree
intentional homicide, false imprisonment, armed robbery, and
manufacture/delivery of heroin, all as a party to a crime. Jordan also appeals from
the order denying his postconviction motion for relief. Jordan contends that the
trial court erred in failing to grant a mistrial after it was advised that his
codefendant’s lawyer had previously represented Jordan in a prior case. Jordan
also contends that his trial counsel was ineffective in multiple respects. We
affirm.1

BACKGROUND

The Charges

¶2 On February 26, 2016, Jordan was charged with one count each of
attempted first-degree intentional homicide, false imprisonment, armed robbery,
and manufacture/delivery of heroin, all as a party to a crime. According to the
criminal complaint, on December 7, 2015, Jordan, Mario Wood,2 and Ariella
Webb went to M.M.’s home and brutally attacked her. The complaint stated that
Jordan was upset because he had lent M.M., his former girlfriend, a firearm which
had gone missing. Jordan and Webb bound M.M.’s wrists and feet with duct tape
while Wood held her down. Wood pointed a gun at M.M. and M.M. was pistol
whipped and punched. They also burned M.M.’s legs with a fork heated on a

1
The Honorable Thomas J. McAdams presided over the trial and entered the judgment
of conviction. The Honorable Glenn H. Yamahiro denied Jordan’s postconviction motion.
2
Wood was not named in the complaint, but rather was referred to as “Double R,” the
name by which he was known to the victim.

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No. 2019AP2115-CR

stove. Jordan later forcefully injected M.M. with heroin, causing M.M. to lose
consciousness. M.M. woke up in a hospital and later discovered that several items
were stolen from her residence.

The Trial

¶3 The matter proceeded to trial where Jordan and Wood did not
initially object to the State’s motion that they be tried jointly. M.M. testified in
detail about the attack. M.M. testified that Jordan, her former boyfriend, gave her
a gun that she later could not find. When M.M. told Jordan that she could not find
the gun, Jordan became angry and came to her home with Wood and Webb.
Jordan and Wood proceeded to violently attack M.M. Webb assisted Jordan and
Wood with the attack. M.M.’s testimony about the details of the attack were
consistent with the criminal complaint. As relevant to this appeal, M.M. also told
the jury that Jordan’s nickname was “Dinero,” and she told the jury Jordan’s
phone number.

¶4 Before the completion of M.M.’s cross-examination, and outside of
the presence of the jury, Wood agreed to plead guilty to one count of attempted
first-degree intentional homicide. The State agreed to recommend no more than
twenty years of initial confinement followed by twenty years of extended
supervision, contingent on Wood testifying truthfully for the State against Jordan.
Jordan’s counsel moved for a mistrial, telling the trial court that Wood’s absence
at trial would lead to speculation among the jurors and would infringe on Jordan’s
right to a fair trial. The trial court denied the motion, and upon the jury’s return,
informed the jury that Wood would no longer be present for trial but that the jury
was required to ensure Jordan a fair trial. The trial resumed with continued
testimony from M.M. and multiple other witnesses.

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No. 2019AP2115-CR

¶5 Webb testified that on the evening of December 6, 2015, she went
with Jordan and Wood to M.M.’s home. When they arrived, Webb stayed in the
car while Jordan and Wood went inside. Shortly thereafter, Jordan called Webb to
come into the home. Webb stated that when she went inside, Jordan closed the
curtains and began beating and duct taping M.M. Webb testified that Jordan
burned M.M. with a heated fork. Webb described the continued attack on M.M.
Webb also stated that she witnessed Jordan take a needle from his pocket, put a
pillow over M.M.’s face, and then inject her. Webb stated that M.M. fell asleep
almost immediately, and then Jordan injected M.M. again.

¶6 The following day, Jordan’s trial counsel again moved for a mistrial,
this time on the grounds that Wood’s counsel, Thomas Harris, had previously
represented Jordan in a prior incident. Jordan’s counsel told the trial court that
Harris represented Jordan in a 2011 case in which Jordan was charged with
possession of a firearm. Jordan pled guilty in that matter. Jordan’s trial counsel
told the court that

while [Harris] was representing Mr. Wood and Mr. Wood
was a co-defendant proceeding at trial[, Harris] wasn’t
representing an individual whose interest[s] were contrary
to Mr. Jordan’s. Now that Mr. Wood has entered a plea
and is apparently prepared to testify against Mr. Jordan,
certainly a lawyer would have a duty to former clients
under the Supreme Court Rules, and based upon that
because he had previously represented Mr. Jordan, I believe
that the appropriate remedy in this matter at this time …
will be that of a mistrial[.]

The trial court took the motion under advisement until it could question Harris.

¶7 The trial continued with testimony from multiple witnesses. James
Brooks told the jury that on the night of the incident, he was at a home on 3rd and
Orchard Streets with Jordan, Wood, and Webb, and that Jordan was upset with

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No. 2019AP2115-CR

M.M. Brooks stated that Jordan, Wood, and Webb left for M.M.’s house and that
when they all returned, Webb told Brooks that they “messed” M.M. up. Brooks
stated that Jordan said that he “hot toddied that bitch,” which Brooks interpreted as
injecting M.M. with “[h]igh doses of heroin.”

¶8 Milwaukee Police Officer Matthew Tracy testified that on
December 29, 2015, he executed a warrant for the home on 3rd and Orchard.
Tracy testified that officers located a binder/notebook that contained a phone
number, identified as belonging to “Dinero.”

¶9 Joseph Tang, a Senior Criminal Intelligence Analyst with the
Wisconsin High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area Program, testified that he
reviewed data for the number identified as belonging to Dinero and plotted the
tower data for certain periods of time on December 6, 2015.3 Tang testified that
the number was in the area of 3rd and Orchard once on the afternoon of
December 6, 2015, and again shortly after midnight, and that the phone was in the
range of M.M.’s home in between that period.

¶10 Later, the trial court again addressed Jordan’s motion for a mistrial.
Harris stated that he had no recollection of his previous representation of Jordan,
telling the court that his prior representation of Jordan “didn’t factor into anything
that I’ve done [in the current trial]. What I did, and the way I proceeded is
because it was in my present client Mario Wood’s best interest.” The trial court
stated, “I haven’t heard of or been able to discern any type of nexus between the
prior case … and this case in terms of subject matter, in terms of communications,

3
The criminal complaint states that the incident occurred on December 7, 2015;
however, trial testimony indicates that the incident took place on December 6, 2015.

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No. 2019AP2115-CR

in terms of privileged testimony, whatever. So it sounds like they are separate and
distinct matters and they are[.]” The court then addressed Wood who indicated
that he did not want Attorney Harris to continue to represent him, claiming that
Harris forced him to plead guilty. The court allowed Harris to withdraw and
appointed new counsel for Wood. Wood later testified. His testimony was largely
consistent with the testimony presented by M.M. and Webb.

¶11 Jordan called two alibi witnesses who testified that Jordan could not
have been at M.M.’s home during the time of the attack. Jordan also testified,
denying any involvement in the attack.

¶12 The jury found Jordan guilty as charged. The trial court sentenced
Jordan to an eighty-year term of incarceration consisting of fifty years of initial
confinement and thirty years of extended supervision.

Postconviction Motion

¶13 Jordan filed a postconviction motion for a new trial arguing that the
trial court erred in denying his motion for a mistrial because Harris had a conflict
of interest. Jordan also argued that his own counsel was ineffective for:
(1) failing to seek a cautionary instruction regarding Wood’s mid-trial guilty plea;
(2) failing to object to the admission of the notebook, which contained a phone
number that was tracked to the scene of the incident; and (3) failing to object to
references of Jordan’s “drug dealing.”

¶14 The postconviction court denied the motion. This appeal follows.
Additional facts will be included as relevant to the discussion.

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No. 2019AP2115-CR

DISCUSSION

¶15 On appeal, Jordan renews the arguments raised in his postconviction
motion. We address each in turn.

Motion for a Mistrial

¶16 The decision to grant a mistrial rests within the trial court’s sound
discretion. State v. Sigarroa, 2004 WI App 16, ¶24, 269 Wis. 2d 234, 674
N.W.2d 894. The court “must determine, in light of the whole proceeding,
whether the claimed error was sufficiently prejudicial to warrant a new trial.” Id.
Not every error warrants a mistrial, and “the law prefers less drastic alternatives, if
available and practical.” State v. Adams, 221 Wis. 2d 1, 17, 584 N.W.2d 695
(Ct. App. 1998) (citation omitted).

¶17 The basis of Jordan’s motion was that Harris previously represented
Jordan in a 2011 felon in possession matter and therefore had conflicted interests
in representing Wood as Jordan’s co-defendant. In rendering its decision, the trial
court discussed SCR 20:1.9, which addresses duties to former clients. The rule
provides:

(a) A lawyer who has formerly represented a client
in a matter shall not thereafter represent another person in
the same or a substantially related matter in which that
person’s interests are materially adverse to the interests of
the former client unless the former client gives informed
consent, confirmed in a writing signed by the client.

(b) A lawyer shall not knowingly represent a person in
the same or a substantially related matter in which a firm
with which the lawyer formerly was associated had
previously represented a client:

(1) whose interests are materially adverse to that
person; and

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No. 2019AP2115-CR

(2) about whom the lawyer had acquired
information protected by sub. (c) and SCR 20:1.6 that is
material to the matter; unless the former client gives
informed consent, confirmed in a writing signed by the
client.

(c) A lawyer who has formerly represented a client in a
matter or whose present or former firm has formerly
represented a client in a matter shall not thereafter:

(1) use information relating to the representation to
the disadvantage of the former client except as these
rules would permit or require with respect to a client, or
when the information has become generally known; or

(2) reveal information relating to the representation
except as these rules would permit or require with
respect to a client.

¶18 The trial court found that the matters at issue were not substantially
related and had no effect on Jordan’s right to a fair trial. Upon review of the
record, we are satisfied that the trial court properly exercised its discretion in
denying Jordan’s mistrial motion. We note first, that Harris told the court that he
had no recollection of ever representing Jordan, nor did he recall any details about
the case. The trial court credited Harris’s representations, and we have no reason
to doubt them. Therefore, the likelihood that Harris had any information about
Jordan that was detrimental to his case was virtually non-existent. Moreover, as
the trial court noted, the matters at issue were not substantially related. Harris
represented Jordan in a 2011 case for felon in possession of a firearm when a gun
he claimed was kept for self-defense was recovered from under the driver’s seat of
his vehicle. Here, the charges against Jordan stemmed from an incident that
involved brutal violence, multiple people, and drugs. There is no factual similarity
between the 2011 case and the charges at issue in the case at bar. The trial court
properly exercised its discretion in denying Jordan’s motion for a mistrial.

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No. 2019AP2115-CR

Ineffective Assistance of Counsel

¶19 Jordan also renews his ineffective assistance of counsel claims,
arguing that his trial counsel was ineffective for: (1) failing to seek a cautionary
instruction regarding Wood’s mid-trial guilty plea; (2) failing to object to the
admission of the notebook, which contained a phone number that was tracked to
the scene of the incident; and (3) failing to object to multiple drug references.

¶20 To prevail on a claim of ineffective assistance of trial counsel, a
defendant must show that counsel was deficient and the deficiency prejudiced his
defense. See State v. Mayo, 2007 WI 78, ¶33, 301 Wis. 2d 642, 734 N.W.2d 115.
A defendant must successfully show both deficiency and prejudice, so if one
prong is unfulfilled, we need not address the other. See State v. Manuel, 2005 WI
75, ¶72, 281 Wis. 2d 554, 697 N.W.2d 811.

¶21 To prove deficiency, a defendant must demonstrate that counsel’s
conduct falls below an objective standard of reasonableness. Strickland v.
Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687-88 (1984). To prove prejudice, the defendant
must show that “there is a reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s
unprofessional errors, the result of the proceeding would have been different. A
reasonable probability is a probability sufficient to undermine confidence in the
outcome.” Id. at 694.

¶22 Ineffective assistance claims present us with mixed questions of fact
and law. See Mayo, 301 Wis. 2d 642, ¶32. The trial court’s findings of historical
fact will be upheld unless clearly erroneous; whether those facts constitute a
deficiency or amount to prejudice are determinations we review de novo. See id.

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No. 2019AP2115-CR

A. Jury Instruction

¶23 Jordan contends that his trial counsel was ineffective for failing to
ask for a cautionary jury instruction regarding Wood’s decision to plead guilty in
the middle of the trial. We agree with the postconviction court that Jordan’s
argument ignores the instruction that the trial court did give after Wood pled
guilty:

All I’m going to tell you right now is that this trial will
continue as to Mr. Jordan. It’s not continuing as to
Mr. Wood. You’ll hear more about that later.

Your goal here is to see that this gentleman gets a
fair trial here and make the State prove its case beyond a
reasonable doubt. So that’s all I’m going to say for now[.]

¶24 An attorney is not deficient for failing to request an instruction that
the trial court had already given on its own accord. We assume that juries follow
instructions. See State v. Truax, 151 Wis. 2d 354, 362, 444 N.W.2d 432 (Ct. App.
1989). Jordan has pointed to nothing in the record suggesting that the jury failed
to heed the trial court’s instruction. As the State noted in its response to Jordan’s
postconviction motion, “the jury was instructed on credibility; concessions
received and that it is the jury’s decision to weigh the testimony; that they were to
determine only whether the defendant was guilty or not guilty.” Accordingly, we
conclude that Jordan has not met his burden of showing that counsel was
ineffective in failing to request a cautionary instruction.

B. Notebook Containing Jordan’s Phone Number

¶25 Jordan also contends that trial counsel was ineffective for failing to
object to the admission of a notebook, which contained the name “Dinero” and a
phone number which was linked to both the home on 3rd and Orchard and the area

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No. 2019AP2115-CR

of M.M.’s residence on the day the crimes occurred. Jordan argues that counsel
failed to challenge the authentication of the notebook because no evidence was
presented as to whom the notebook actually belonged.

¶26 Whether counsel was deficient for failing to challenge the
authentication of the notebook is inconsequential because Jordan cannot
demonstrate prejudice in light of the trial testimony. M.M. testified in great detail
about the attack. Her testimony was effectively corroborated by Webb. Brooks
testified that he was with Jordan, Wood, and Webb prior to the incident and that
Jordan was upset with M.M., left for M.M.’s residence with Wood and Webb, and
that when Jordan returned, Jordan admitted to injecting M.M. with heroin.
Moreover, the notebook was cumulative, as M.M. also provided testimony linking
Jordan to the nickname “Dinero.” Jordan cannot show that the result of the trial
would have been different, absent the admission of the notebook.

C. Drug References

¶27 Finally, Jordan argues that trial counsel was ineffective for failing to
object to two references to him “running a drug house … [which] were irrelevant
to the crimes charged and therefore inadmissible.” Specifically, Jordan objects to
the admission of two trial exhibits. The first exhibit was a warrant drafted for the
phone records for two phone numbers associated with Jordan—the number M.M.
relayed and the number traced to the 3rd and Orchard home and M.M.’s residence.
The warrant and affidavit stated that Jordan was “suspected of controlling several
narcotics distribution houses throughout Milwaukee, WI and [of] employing
violence to maintain control over these locations.” The second exhibit was the
search warrant drafted and executed for the 3rd and Orchard home. The warrant

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No. 2019AP2115-CR

related that the residence was suspected to be involved with the commission of
several drug crimes.

¶28 Jordan fails to establish that the admission of these two exhibits
prejudiced his case. Neither document was discussed beyond the bare fact that
they were executed, nor were their contents shown to the jury. The existence of
the warrants was testified to but their contents were not. There was no request to
publish the documents to the jury and Jordan cannot demonstrate that the jury
even considered the exhibits. Accordingly, especially in light of the testimony of
multiple witnesses, we conclude that Jordan cannot meet his burden of showing
that he was prejudiced by counsel’s lack of an objection to the trial exhibits.

¶29 For the foregoing reasons, we affirm.

By the Court.—Judgment and order affirmed.

This opinion will not be published. See WIS. STAT.
RULE 809.23(1)(b)5. (2017-18).

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