Chris Martin v. Don Mills

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent
except as provided by 9th Cir. R. 36-3.
NOT FOR PUBLICATION
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
CHRIS MARTIN,
Petitioner - Appellant,
v.
DON MILLS,
Respondent - Appellee.
No. 09-35055
D.C. No. 3:07-cv-01518-MO
MEMORANDUM *
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the District of Oregon
Michael W. Mosman, District Judge, Presiding
Argued and Submitted December 10, 2009
Portland, Oregon
Before: FARRIS, D.W. NELSON and BERZON, Circuit Judges.
Chris Martin appeals the district court’s denial of his petition for the writ of
habeas corpus. After a two-day jury trial in Oregon state court, Martin was
convicted of Assault in the Second Degree, Assault in the Fourth Degree,
Menacing, and three counts of Felon in Possession of a Firearm. Martin argues
FILED
JAN 11 2010
MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK
U.S. COURT OF APPEALS

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that his trial attorney provided constitutionally ineffective assistance by not
moving to sever the firearm charges from the other charges.
According to evidence presented at trial, Martin and his girlfriend, Catherine
Comer, began to argue while driving home in Martin’s truck. When Comer “just
got tired of [arguing],” she tried to open the passenger door to jump out, but Martin
pulled her back into the truck by her arm. Comer testified that Martin then bit her
on her thigh, held her down, kicked her repeatedly with his cowboy boots, choked
her, and threatened to kill her. During this altercation, Martin put a boot on
Comer’s throat with enough pressure to prevent her from breathing. When she told
Martin that she was unable to breathe, Martin told Comer he was going to “kill
[her] and put [her] body in a ditch somewhere.” Comer pleaded with Martin to
take his foot off of her throat, and he complied. Once at home, Comer dialed 911.
When police arrived, they discovered an unloaded rifle in the backseat of Martin’s
truck and two more rifles in a closet within the house.
Martin testified in his own defense. He did not dispute that he inflicted
injuries on Comer, but claimed that Comer had attempted suicide a couple of times
in the past, and that his actions were necessary to prevent her from injuring herself
by jumping from the moving truck.

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The jury acquitted Martin of Assault in the First Degree and Interfering with
Making a Report, but convicted him of all other counts. After exhausting state
post-conviction relief procedures, Martin filed this federal habeas corpus petition
in the United States District Court for the District of Oregon. The district court
denied Martin’s petition on November 17, 2008.
An application for a writ of habeas corpus shall not be granted unless
adjudication of the claim in state court resulted in a decision that was: (1) “contrary
to, or involved an unreasonable application of, clearly established Federal law, as
determined by the Supreme Court of the United States;” or (2) “based on an
unreasonable determination of the facts in light of the evidence presented in the
State court proceeding.” 28 U.S.C. § 2254(d).
Martin argues that his trial counsel’s failure to move to sever the firearms
charges amounted to constitutionally ineffective assistance of counsel. To
establish ineffective assistance, Martin must show that counsel’s performance was
deficient and that the deficient performance prejudiced his defense. Strickland v.
Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687-88 (1984).
Even if trial counsel’s performance was deficient, Martin has not shown a
reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s failure to file a motion to sever, the
verdict would have been different. See Strickland, 466 U.S. at 694.

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Martin argues at length that he was prejudiced because he never should have
been charged with or convicted of the firearms charge. He argues that more than
15 years had elapsed since he was last under probation for his Theft conviction.
But this argument was not fairly presented to the Oregon Supreme Court and is not
encompassed in the failure to sever argument, so we do not consider it. See Rose v.
Lundy, 455 U.S. 509, 519 (1982).
Martin’s main argument is that trial counsel’s failure to file a motion to
sever the charges improperly resulted in the jury becoming aware that Martin was a
convicted felon, and resulted in the presentation to the jury of some link between
the charged domestic violence and firearms where, in fact, there was none.
We may assume that in the circumstances of this case, there is a reasonable
probability under Oregon law that a motion to sever, if made, would have been
granted. But Martin has failed to demonstrate a substantial probability that the
outcome of the case would have been different if the motion had been filed and
granted. There was no dispute at trial that Comer suffered significant injuries, nor
was it disputed that Martin inflicted them. The emergency room physician who
examined Comer testified that she suffered potentially life-threatening injuries that
were consistent with the version of events she related to him and to the jury. He
concluded that, contrary to Martin’s version of events, Comer was lying face up

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and fighting violently for her life while “being stomped by boots” on her face and
chest. As the district court stated, Comer’s testimony was particularly strong
because it included her statements that she was reluctant to testify against Martin
due to her love for him. As Martin’s trial attorney later admitted, the evidence
against Martin was “overwhelming.”
Furthermore, the jury acquitted Martin of the most serious assault charge as
well as the Interfering with Making a Report charge, so the jury remained objective
and impartial in spite of the firearms charges.
In sum, the state court’s rejection of Martin’s claim that his trial counsel was
ineffective for failing to seek severance of the firearms charges was not an
unreasonable application of Strickland. The district court therefore properly
denied the application for a writ of habeas corpus.
AFFIRMED.

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