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19‐1752‐cv
Campbell v. Saul

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT

SUMMARY ORDER

RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT.
CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS
PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF APPELLATE
PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT=S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A
SUMMARY ORDER IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY
MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN ELECTRONIC DATABASE
(WITH THE NOTATION ASUMMARY ORDER@). A PARTY CITING TO A
SUMMARY ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT
REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.

At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, 1
held at the Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the 2
City of New York, on the 11
th
day of March, two thousand twenty. 3
4
PRESENT: REENA RAGGI, 5
RAYMOND
J. LOHIER, JR., 6
STEVEN
J. MENASHI, 7
Circuit Judges. 8
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ALBERT CAMPBELL, 10
11
Plaintiff‐Appellee, 12
13
v. No. 19‐1752‐cv 14
15
ANDREW M. SAUL, COMMISSIONER OF 16
SOCIAL SECURITY,
17
18
Defendant‐Appellant. 19
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2
FOR APPELLANT: Max D. Leifer, Max D. Leifer, P.C., 1
New York, NY. 2
3
FOR APPELLEE: Candace Scott Appleton, Varuni 4
Nelson, Arthur Swerdloff, Assistant 5
United States Attorneys, for Richard 6
P. Donoghue, United States Attorney 7
for the Eastern District of New York, 8
Brooklyn, NY.
9
Appeal from a June 11, 2019 judgment of the United States District Court 10
for the Eastern District of New York (Joanna Seybert, Judge). 11
UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED, 12
AND DECREED that the judgment of the District Court is AFFIRMED. 13
Albert Campbell appeals
from a judgment of the District Court (Seybert, J.) 14
affirming the Commissioner of Social Security’s denial of his March 18, 2015 15
application for disability benefits. Campbell alleged that his heart disease, 16
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), arthritis, and anxiety forced him 17
to stop working as a carpenter on March 1, 2013. Following a hearing, the 18

Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) concluded that Campbell was not disabled 19
because he engaged in substantial gainful activity after the alleged onset of his 20
disability in March 2013 and after December 31, 2013, the last date on which he 21
was insured for disability benefits. See 20 C.F.R. §
404.1520(a)(4)(i), (b). The 22

3
District Court agreed. On appeal, Campbell argues that the ALJ erred in 1
treating Campbell’s 2013 earnings as conclusive proof of substantial gainful 2
activity and in failing to consider evidence that rebutted the presumption of 3
substantial gainful activity. We assume the parties’ familiarity with the 4
underlying
facts and the record of prior proceedings, to which we refer only as 5
necessary to explain our decision to affirm. 6
When deciding an appeal from a denial of disability benefits, “[w]e 7
undertake a plenary review of the administrative record, and our focus is on the 8
administrative ruling
more than on the district court’s decision.” Talavera v. 9
Astrue, 697 F.3d 145, 151 (2d Cir. 2012) (quotation marks omitted). We are
10
“limited to determining whether the [ALJ’s] conclusions were supported by 11
substantial evidence in the record and were based on a correct legal standard.” 12
Id. (quotation marks omitted); see also 42 U.S.C. § 405(g). Substantial evidence
13
“means such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to 14
support a conclusion” and must be “more than a mere scintilla.” Richardson v.
15
Perales, 402 U.S. 389, 401 (1971) (quotation marks omitted). To be entitled to
16
disability benefits, a claimant must show that he became disabled while insured 17
for disability benefits. Kohler v. Astrue, 546 F.3d 260, 265 (2d Cir. 2008).
18

4
Disability is defined in relevant part as the “inability to engage in any substantial 1
gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental 2
impairment . . . .” 42 U.S.C. § 423(d)(1)(A). The claimant bears the burden of 3
proving disability at step one of
the sequential process, see Talavera, 697 F.3d at 4
151, and, if he fails to do so, the inquiry does not proceed to the next step, see 20
5
C.F.R. § 404.1520(a)(4). 6
We find no error in the ALJ’s conclusion that Campbell failed to meet his 7
burden at step one. It is undisputed that Campbell’s insurance expired on 8
December 31, 2013, and that his earnings in 2013 were substantial enough to give 9
rise to a
presumption of substantial gainful activity. See 20 C.F.R. § 10
404.1574(a)(1). Contrary to Campbell’s arguments on appeal, the ALJ did not 11
treat this evidence as conclusive proof of substantial gainful activity. Rather, 12
the ALJ correctly placed the burden on Campbell to rebut the presumption 13
created by his earnings. 14
The ALJ’s conclusion that Campbell failed to do
so is supported by 15
substantial evidence. Campbell’s testimony that he stopped working on March 16
1, 2013 is contradicted by earnings records indicating that he worked throughout 17
2013, records from his employer stating that he was last paid in September 2014, 18

5
forms Campbell submitted to the Social Security Administration claiming that he 1
continued working and performing strenuous activities until May 1, 2014, and 2
medical records in which Campbell reported that he was still working as a 3
carpenter after the alleged date of onset and the expiration of
insurance. 4
Although a presumption of substantial gainful activity can be rebutted by 5
evidence that the claimant worked under “special conditions,” 20 C.F.R. § 6
404.1573(c), Campbell has not offered any evidence that he worked under such 7
conditions. 8
We have considered Campbell’s remaining arguments and conclude that 9

they are without merit. For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the District 10
Court is AFFIRMED. 11
FOR THE COURT: 12
Catherine O=Hagan Wolfe, Clerk of Court 13
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