Kernrechtsfrage
Whether the legal secretary had to recuse himself in the departmental appeal proceedings.
Extrahierter Entscheid
Yes. Because he had already given intensive and decisive advice to the municipal authorities in the same case, his participation created an appearance of bias in the appeal proceedings.
Extrahierte Begründung
The recusal rules also apply to persons substantially involved in preparing a decision. In an internal administrative appeal, the standard is strict. While ordinary, cautiously qualified legal advice does not automatically require recusal, prior advice may do so when it is particularly intensive, far-reaching, and lacking any reservation for later appellate review. Here, Herr X. had effectively guided the municipal proceedings and explicitly stated how the complaint should be decided, so he was no longer an impartial case handler.