projekte
OG 1992 65 ΓÇó No admissible appeal against custody order after release
OG 1992 65Übriges Gericht20.12.1992Inadmissible
The accused challenged a detention order and asked the appellate court to declare both the police notice and his detention unlawful. The court held that the detention appeal became inadmissible once he had already been released from pre-trial custody, because he no longer had a current practical interest in a merits review. Any compensation or satisfaction claim for unlawful detention had to be pursued in civil proceedings under § 280(2) StPO, while claims concerning the allegedly unjustified police publication could be asserted either in the criminal proceedings or civilly within the statutory time limit.
§ 83bis Abs. 2 StPO; appeal against detention order after release from custody: the remedy serves prompt judicial control of detention in light of Art. 5 Abs. 4 EMRK and presupposes a current practical interest in annulment of the custody order. Once the accused has been released from pre-trial detention, that interest falls away; a possible compensation claim does not maintain admissibility (consid. 3). Claims under § 280 Abs. 2 StPO for damages and satisfaction following unlawful deprivation of liberty are to be asserted in a civil action and not via § 281 StPO; the legislature intentionally excluded these claims from the special criminal-court procedure (consid. 4). By contrast, claims under § 280 Abs. 1 StPO may be raised in the criminal proceedings or sued within 30 days before the civil judge.
Im vorliegenden Fall bedeutet dies, dass der Angeschuldigte seine Begehren auf Feststellung der Rechtswidrigkeit der Untersuchungshaft und auf Zusprechung einer angemessenen Entschädigung für den entstandenen Freiheitsentzug beim Zivilrichter stellen muss. Eine allfällige Genugtuung für die angeblich ohne hinreichenden Rechtsgrund erfolgte Ausschreibung im Schweizerischen Polizeianzeiger kann er wahlweise im Strafverfahren geltend machen oder innert 30 Tagen seit Eröffnung des Einstellungsbeschlusses bzw. des freisprechenden Urteils beim Zivilrichter einklagen (§§ 280 Abs. 1, 281 StPO).