Kernrechtsfrage
Whether the cantonal judges had to recuse themselves because of alleged prior involvement and bias
Extrahierter Entscheid
No objective appearance of bias was shown; prior participation in an earlier related decision and procedural rulings did not make the judges incapable of deciding the new recusal matter.
Extrahierte Begründung
The court held that only concrete, properly substantiated facts can establish the appearance of bias. Mere disagreement with earlier rulings, prior participation in a related case, or generalized allegations against an unspecified 'instruction judge' are insufficient. A judge's involvement in a prior decision does not automatically mean pre-judgment.