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BGE 82 IV 89 ΓÇó Fraud in loan cases requires substantial risk to the lender
BGE 82 IV 89Amtliche Sammlung des Bundesgerichts (BGE) / Band IV07.03.1956Dismissed
The Kassationshof held that in loan transactions fraud is not made out by every degree of credit risk. By granting a loan, the lender deliberately assumes the risk of an unsecured claim; only if the borrower, contrary to the lender’s expectations, is from the outset so unreliable that the claim is substantially endangered and materially devalued is there a punishable property loss under Art. 148 StGB. The decision thus limits earlier case law and requires a significant excess of the risk acceptable to the creditor.
Art. 148 StGB; fraud in loan transactions and property damage: the mere acquisition of a claim of uncertain collectability does not yet constitute damage, since the lender voluntarily exchanges secure cash for a credit claim and assumes the ordinary credit risk. Punishable damage exists only where, from the outset, the borrower offers so little assurance of contractual repayment that the loan claim is substantially endangered and thereby materially reduced in value. The decisive criterion is whether the debtor exceeds the risk reasonably borne by the creditor; mere, even current, exposure of the claim is insufficient (consid. 2).
82 IV 89
ab Seite 90
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